Industry Statistics and Trends
Market size and recent performance (2016-2031)
Industry revenue has declined at a CAGR of 14.4 % over the past five years, to reach an estimated £47.2m in 2026.
Trends and Insights
Coal is no longer used in electricity production
- Over the past five years, the industry has faced a threat from a shift away from coal in electricity production in the UK. This is made evident by numerous mine closures. At the end of November 2023, the last large-scale and last opencast coal mine in the UK – Merthyr's mine in Ffos-y-Fran – closed. Kilroot in Northern Ireland closed in September 2023, slashing coal demand by 35%, according to DUKES. Ratcliffe-on-Soar, the last coal power station in the UK, closed down in September 2024, marking the end of coal-based energy production.
- Additional trends and insights available with purchase
Source: IBISWorld
Industry outlook (2026-2031)
Market size is projected to decline over the next five years.
Trends and Insights
Innovation threatens demand for coking coal
- Innovations in steelmaking technologies, like electric arc furnaces, are opening up an alternative to traditional blast furnaces reliant on coking coal. The adoption of these technologies in the UK is expected to significantly reduce long-term demand for coking coal used in the steel making process.
Biggest companies in the Hard Coal Mining in the UK
| Company | Market Share (%)
2026 | Revenue (£m)
2026 |
|---|---|---|
Energybuild Ltd | 15.7 | |
Merthyr (South Wales) Ltd | N/A | |
West Cumbria Mining Ltd | N/A |
To view the market share and analysis for all 3 top companies in this industry, view purchase options.
Products & Services Segmentation
Source: IBISWorld
Industry revenue is measured across several distinct product and services lines, including Steaming coal, Coking coal and Anthracite. Steaming coal is the largest segment of the Hard Coal Mining in the UK.
Trends and Insights
Greener alternatives continue to replace coking coal
- Coking coal, also known as metallurgical coal, is a key ingredient in the steelmaking process. It’s prized for its ability to fuel the intense heat required to convert iron ore into steel. Its revenue share has been relatively resilient in 2025-26 as it is still used in steel production, where it is essential for blast‑furnace ironmaking.
- More insights available in the full report
Table of Contents
About this industry
Industry definition
Companies in this industry mine hard coal from underground and opencast mines. Mining includes the extraction of coal and the associated activities, such as washing, grading, pulverising and compressing, which are necessary to prepare the coal for sale.
What's included in this industry?
Products and services covered in the Hard Coal Mining industry in the United Kingdom include Steaming coal, Coking coal and Anthracite.Companies
Companies covered in the Hard Coal Mining industry in the United Kingdom include Energybuild Ltd, Merthyr (South Wales) Ltd and West Cumbria Mining Ltd.Purchase this report to view all 3 major companies in this industry.
Related Terms
Related terms covered in the Hard Coal Mining industry in the United Kingdom include hard coal, steaming coal, coking coal, opencast mining and underground mining.Industry Code
SIC 05.10 - Hard Coal Mining in the UK
Performance
Get an indication of the industry's health through historical, current and forward-looking trends in the performance indicators that make or break businesses.
Analyst insights
Hard coal mining remains in long-term decline. Revenue, demand and the number of coal mines have all been falling for years as the environmental impact of coal turns buyers t...
In this chapter (4)
- Current Performance
- Outlook
- Volatility
- Life Cycle
Key metrics
- Annual Revenue, Recent Growth, Forecast, Revenue Volatility
- Number of Employees, Recent Growth, Forecast, Employees per Business, Revenue per Employee
- Number of Businesses, Recent Growth, Forecast, Employees per Business, Revenue per Business
- Total Profit, Profit Margin, Profit per Business
Charts
- Revenue, including historical (2016-2025) and forecast (2026-2031)
- Employees, including historical (2016-2025) and forecast (2026-2031)
- Businesses, including historical (2016-2025) and forecast (2026-2031)
- Profit, including historical (2016-2026)
- Industry Volatility vs. Revenue Growth
- Industry Life Cycle
Detailed analysis
- Trends in supply, demand and current events that are driving current industry performance
- Expected trends, economic factors and ongoing events that drive the industry's outlook
- Key success factors for businesses to overcome volatility
- How contribution to GDP, industry saturation, innovation, consolidation, and technology and systems influence the industry's life cycle phase.
Products and Markets
Learn about an industry's products and services, markets and trends in international trade.
Analyst insight
Coking coal is used in steel production. Tata Steel closed its last two blast furnaces in September 2024, leaving British Steel as the only buyer of coking coal in the countr...
In this chapter
- Products & Services
- Major Markets
- International Trade
Key metrics
- Largest market segment and value in 2026
- Product innovation level
- Total imports, level and trend
- Total exports, level and trend
- Trade Balance
Charts
- Products & services segmentation in 2026
- Major market segmentation in 2026
- International trade, including imports by country and exports by country
Detailed analysis
- Trends impacting the recent performance of the industry's various segments
- Innovations in the industry's product or service offering, specialization or delivery method
- Key factors that successful businesses consider in their offerings
- Buying segments and key trends influencing demand for industry products and services
- Recent trends in import and export volumes, country of origin or destination, and expected future trends
Geographic Breakdown
Discover where business activity is most concentrated in an industry and the factors driving these trends to find opportunities and conduct regional benchmarking.
Analyst insights
One commercial mine remains in the UK. Wales hosts the last large commercial mine, Energybuild, which produces metallurgical coal for iron and steel manufacturing.
In this chapter (1)
- Business Locations
Charts
- Share of revenue, establishment, wages and employment in each region
- Share of population compared to establishments in each region in 2026
Tables
- Number and share of establishments in each region in 2026
- Number and share of revenue each region accounts for in 2026
- Number and share of wages each region accounts for in 2026
- Number and share of employees in each region in 2026
Detailed analysis
- Geographic spread of the industry across Europe, and trends associated with changes in the business landscape
- Key success factors for businesses to use location to their advantage
Competitive Forces
Get data and insights on what's driving competition in an industry and the challenges industry operators and new entrants may face, with analysis built around Porter's Five Forces framework.
Analyst insights
The decline of the industry keeps concentration low. As major companies exit the industry concentration falls. Remaining companies don't significantly capture the departing c...
In this chapter (4)
- Concentration
- Barriers to Entry
- Substitutes
- Buyer & Supplier Analysis
Key metrics
- Industry concentration level
- Industry competition level and trend
- Barriers to entry level and trend
- Substitutes level and trend
- Buyer power level and trend
- Supplier power level and trend
Charts
- Market share concentration among the top 4 suppliers from 2021-2026
- Supply chain including upstream supplying industries and downstream buying industries, flow chart
Detailed analysis
- Factors impacting the industry’s level of concentration, such as business distribution, new entrants, or merger and acquisition activity.
- Key success factors for businesses to manage the competitive environment of the industry.
- Challenges that potential industry entrants face such as legal, start-up costs, differentiation, labor/capital intensity and capital expenses.
- Key success factors for potential entrants to overcome barriers to entry.
- Competitive threats from potential substitutes for the industry’s own products and services.
- Key success factors for how successful businesses can compete with substitutes.
- Advantages that buyers have to keep favorable purchasing conditions.
- Advantages that suppliers have to maintain favorable selling conditions.
- Key success factors for how businesses can navigate buyer and supplier power.
Companies
Learn about the performance of the top companies in the industry.
Analyst insights
Merthyr (South Wales) Ltd halts its mining. It stopped mining in November 2023, marking the end of large-scale coal mining in the UK.
In this chapter
- Market Share Concentration
- Companies
- Company Spotlights
Charts
- Industry market share by company in 2022 through 2026
- Major companies in the industry, including market share, revenue, profit and profit margin in 2026
- Overview of Energybuild Ltd's performance by revenue, market share and profit margin from 2020 through 2026
- Overview of Merthyr (South Wales) Ltd's performance by revenue, market share and profit margin from 2020 through 2026
- Overview of West Cumbria Mining Ltd's performance by revenue, market share and profit margin from 2020 through 2026
Detailed analysis
- Description and key data for Energybuild Ltd, and factors influencing its performance in the industry
- Description and key data for Merthyr (South Wales) Ltd, and factors influencing its performance in the industry
- Description and key data for West Cumbria Mining Ltd, and factors influencing its performance in the industry
External Environment
Understand the demographic, economic and regulatory factors that shape how businesses in an industry perform.
Analyst insights
The UK's commitment to renewable energy drives down interest in coal. As the use of bioenergy, wind and hydropower continues to grow due to rising oil and gas prices and gove...
In this chapter
- External Drivers
- Regulation & Policy
- Assistance
Key metrics
- Regulation & policy level and trend
- Assistance level and trend
Charts
- Regulation & Policy historical data and forecast (2016-2031)
- Assistance historical data and forecast (2016-2031)
Detailed analysis
- Demographic and macroeconomic factors influencing the industry, including Regulation & Policy and Assistance
- Major types of regulations, regulatory bodies, industry standards or specific regulations impacting requirements for industry operators
- Key governmental and non-governmental groups or policies that may provide some relief for industry operators.
Financial Benchmarks
View average costs for industry operators and compare financial data against an industry's financial benchmarks over time.
Analyst insights
Wage costs fluctuate as the industry declines. As companies like Merthyr (South Wales) and Celtic Energy shut up shop, the average wage is edging downwards, though demand for...
In this chapter
- Cost Structure
- Financial Ratios
- Key Ratios
Key metrics
- Profit margin, and how it compares to the sector-wide margin
- Average wages, and how it compares to the sector-wide average wage
- Largest cost component as a percentage of revenue
- Industry average ratios for days' receivables, industry coverage and debt-to-net-worth ratio
Charts
- Average industry operating costs as a share of revenue, including purchases, wages, depreciation, utilities, rent, other costs and profit in 2026
- Average sector operating costs as a share of revenue, including purchases, wages, depreciation, utilities, rent, other costs and profit in 2026
- Investment vs. share of economy
Data tables
- Liquidity Ratios (2020-2024)
- Coverage Ratios (2020-2024)
- Leverage Ratios (2020-2024)
- Operating Ratios (2020-2024)
- Assets (2020-2024)
- Liabilities (2020-2024)
- Cash Flow & Debt Service Ratios (2016-2031)
- Revenue per Employee (2016-2031)
- Revenue per Enterprise (2016-2031)
- Employees per Establishment (2016-2031)
- Employees per Enterprise (2016-2031)
- Average Wage (2016-2031)
- Wages/Revenue (2016-2031)
- Establishments per Enterprise (2016-2031)
- IVA/Revenue (2016-2031)
- Imports/Demand (2016-2031)
- Exports/Revenue (2016-2031)
Detailed analysis
- Trends in the cost component for industry operators and their impact on industry costs and profitability
Key Statistics
Industry Data
Data Tables
Including values and annual change:
- Revenue (2016-2031)
- IVA (2016-2031)
- Establishments (2016-2031)
- Enterprises (2016-2031)
- Employment (2016-2031)
- Exports (2016-2031)
- Imports (2016-2031)
- Wages (2016-2031)
Top Questions Answered
Unlock comprehensive answers and precise data upon purchase. View purchase options.
What is the market size of the Hard Coal Mining industry in the United Kingdom in 2026?
The market size of the Hard Coal Mining industry in the United Kingdom is £47.2m in 2026.
How many businesses are there in the Hard Coal Mining industry in the United Kingdom in 2026?
There are 3 businesses in the Hard Coal Mining industry in the United Kingdom, which has declined at a CAGR of 21.4 % between 2021 and 2026.
How may import tariffs affect the Hard Coal Mining industry in the United Kingdom?
The Hard Coal Mining industry in the United Kingdom is likely to be significantly impacted by import tariffs with imports accounting for a high share of industry revenue.
How may export tariffs affect the Hard Coal Mining industry in the United Kingdom?
The Hard Coal Mining industry in the United Kingdom is likely to be significantly impacted by export tariffs with exports accounting for a high share of industry revenue.
Has the Hard Coal Mining industry in the United Kingdom grown or declined over the past 5 years?
The market size of the Hard Coal Mining industry in the United Kingdom has been declining at a CAGR of 14.4 % between 2021 and 2026.
What is the forecast growth of the Hard Coal Mining industry in the United Kingdom over the next 5 years?
Over the next five years, the Hard Coal Mining industry in the United Kingdom is expected to decline.
What are the biggest companies in the Hard Coal Mining industry in the United Kingdom?
The biggest companies operating in the Hard Coal Mining industry in the United Kingdom are Energybuild Ltd, Merthyr (South Wales) Ltd and West Cumbria Mining Ltd
What does the Hard Coal Mining industry in the United Kingdom include?
Steaming coal and Coking coal are part of the Hard Coal Mining industry in the United Kingdom.
Which companies have the highest market share in the Hard Coal Mining industry in the United Kingdom?
The company holding the most market share in the Hard Coal Mining industry in the United Kingdom is Energybuild Ltd.
How competitive is the Hard Coal Mining industry in the United Kingdom?
The level of competition is high and steady in the Hard Coal Mining industry in the United Kingdom.
Methodology
How are IBISWorld reports created?
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Our analysts start with official, verified and publicly available sources of data to build the most accurate picture of each industry. Analysts then leverage their expertise and knowledge of the local markets to synthesize trends into digestible content for IBISWorld readers. Finally, each report is reviewed by one of IBISWorld’s editors, who provide quality assurance to ensure accuracy and readability.
IBISWorld relies on human-verified data and human-written analysis to compile each standard industry report. We do not use generative AI tools to write insights, although members can choose to leverage AI-based tools within the platform to generate additional analysis formats.
What data sources do IBISWorld analysts use?
Each industry report incorporates data and research from government databases, industry-specific sources, industry contacts, and our own proprietary database of statistics and analysis to provide balanced, independent and accurate insights.
Key data sources in the UK include:
- Office for National Statistics
- Office for Budget Responsibility
- Bank of England
Analysts also use industry specific sources to complement catch-all sources, although their perspective may focus on a particular organization or representative body, rather than a clear overview of all industry operations. However, when balanced against other perspectives, industry-specific sources provide insights into industry trends.
These sources include:
- Industry and trade associations
- Industry federations or regulators
- Major industry players annual or quarterly filings
Finally, IBISWorld’s global data scientists maintain a proprietary database of macroeconomic and demand drivers, which our analysts use to help inform industry data and trends. They also maintain a database of statistics and analysis on thousands of industries, which has been built over our more than 50-year history and offers comprehensive insights into long-term trends.
How does IBISWorld forecast its data?
IBISWorld’s analysts and data scientists use the sources above to create forecasts for our proprietary datasets and industry statistics. Depending on the dataset, they may use regression analysis, multivariate analysis, time-series analysis or exponential smoothing techniques to project future data for the industry or driver. Additionally, analysts will leverage their local knowledge of industry operating and regulatory conditions to impart their best judgment on the forecast model.
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