UK Industry Fast Facts

IBISWorld presents a collection of fast facts for the different sectors of the UK economy.

Agriculture, Forestry & Fishing

• The EU has warned the UK it must meet its commitment to check goods entering Northern Ireland before talks can begin on an agrifood trade deal. The agreement, expected by 2027, aims to establish a veterinary or sanitary and phytosanitary agreement to boost agrifood trade between the partners. Any proposed deal aims to reduce costs and paperwork for farmers exporting meat, dairy, eggs and plants to the EU, where UK agrifood exports have fallen since Brexit. Delays risk prolonging uncertainty and keeping trade barriers in place for producers across Great Britain, supplying Northern Ireland and EU markets.

• Extreme weather delivers a poor harvest, with farmers blaming heavy rainfall followed by prolonged dry spells for damaging yields. Government data released in January 2026 shows that all the main cereal crops saw reduced yields in 2025, except for winter barley. The final estimate of the 2025 UK wheat harvest is 12 million tonnes, an increase of 7.3% on 2024. This is due to a 9.1% increase in area to 1.7 million hectares, tempered by a 1.7% decrease in yield to 7.2 tonnes per hectare. Meanwhile, barley harvest stood at 6.4 million tonnes, a decrease of 10% compared to 2024. Spring barley saw a 16% fall in production and a 5.4% fall in yield, whereas winter barley saw a 1.2% increase in production and a 7.2% increase in yield.

• In February 2026, McCain announced a UK “Farm of the Future” site in North Yorkshire, launching in 2026. Farm of the Future UK will partner with the University of Leeds to provide scientific research and validation to accelerate innovation in British agriculture. McCain’s Farm of the Future UK will be the most advanced Farm of the Future to date, adopting practices like controlled traffic farming, year-round soil cover and biodiversity building. It will also be the first Farm of the Future location to pilot a circular nutrient system. According to McCain’s recent Farmdex research, while many farmers are concerned about the future of UK farming, 77% agree that sustainable practices are essential.

• UK food and farming groups are urging ministers to build in a transition period amid talks of realigning UK agri-food rules with the EU. Industry-commissioned analysis cited by the NFU and CropLife UK suggests abrupt alignment could cost the arable, horticulture and sugar sectors £500 million to £810 million in the first year, by removing access to some GB-approved crop protection products and undermining control of pests, weeds and disease.

• UK farmers have warned of crops rotting in the ground after an exceptionally wet start to 2026. In southern England, the Financial Times reports that in Reading, where more than 100 global climate scientists met this week, rain has fallen for 32 consecutive days, the longest continuous spell in records going back a century.

• Defra has announced a major overhaul of the Sustainable Farming Incentive, introducing tighter limits on how the scheme operates. Annual payments will now be capped at £100,000 per farm, previously uncapped and the number of available actions reduced from 102 to 71. Ministers say the changes are intended to share funding more evenly across farm sizes, but critics argue the cap could make larger projects harder to justify financially.

• British beef farmers are grappling with a double blow from climate change, with relentless rain at the start of 2026 forcing them to keep cattle indoors and last summer’s drought leaving them short of hay for winter feed. This is set to push beef prices higher as tighter forage supplies and rising feed costs squeeze farm margins, limiting herd expansion and reducing the volume of cattle coming to market.

• Rising geopolitical tensions in the Middle East are pushing up fertiliser and energy costs for British farmers, which threatens to add further inflationary pressure to food prices. Following the escalation of conflict in March, fertiliser prices have surged amid disruption to shipping routes through the Strait of Hormuz and rising global energy prices. Natural gas accounts for roughly 60-80% of the cost of producing nitrogen fertilisers, meaning any climb in gas prices quickly feeds through to fertiliser markets. Egyptian urea prices, a key benchmark for global nitrogen fertiliser trade, have risen by more than 45%, reaching around US$700 (£525) per tonne, up from about $484 in late February, according to The Guardian.

• The Guardian reported in March that rising input costs on the back of the Iran conflict may force farmers to reduce planting or switch to lower-input crops, moving away from fertiliser-intensive crops such as wheat. As spring is a key planting season, the timing means that the domestic supply of key crops like wheat and barley could tighten in the back end of 2026.

• Syngenta, a Swiss-based agricultural technology company, has announced plans to build a US$120 million global research centre in the UK, in a vote of confidence in British bioscience. Post-Brexit Britain has provided a smoother path to approval for new agricultural products, according to Camilla Corsi – Syngenta’s global head of crop protection R&D – in the Financial Times. The investment is set to support research into next-generation crop protection and seed technologies, in a boost to the UK agricultural sector as farmers look to improve yields and resilience in the face of rising input costs and climate pressures.

Mining

• The Office for National Statistics reports that the mining and quarrying sector output dropped by 3.2% in January 2026. Output from the sector dipped by 0.1% in the three months to January 2026.
• World Bank Commodities Price Data released in March 2026 shows that the average Brent crude oil and WTI crude oil prices have climbed at the start of 2026 amid heightened global uncertainty and geopolitical tensions. In Q4 2025, prices were lower than in the previous quarter and compared to Q4 2024; however, prices climbed in February and are set to soar in March amid the ongoing US-Iran conflict.
• The escalating US-Iran conflict has sent oil prices soaring in March 2026, triggering the most severe oil price shock since the start of the Russia-Ukraine conflict. Oil prices climbed to nearly US$120 (£90) per barrel in early March 2026 amid the effective closure of the Strait of Hormuz (which carries 20% of global oil supplies) and reduced oil production in the Gulf countries. The International Energy Agency stated that the conflict was "creating the largest supply disruption in the history of the global oil market".
• Metal prices have been extremely volatile recently, with precious metals recording a huge rise. World Bank Commodities Price Data released in March 2026 showed all metals and minerals recording higher prices in January 2026, followed by a decline for all except zinc in February 2026. Most metals, except lead and nickel, ended Q4 2025 higher than Q4 2024. Meanwhile, gold and silver prices have held up, thanks to continued geopolitical tensions and economic instability. While silver and platinum prices dipped in February 2026, gold prices stood at over US$5,000 (about £3,660) an ounce. with both precious metals reaching record highs. A weakening US dollar and US policymaking concerns have encouraged investors to flock to gold, given its reputation as a “safe haven” asset.
• The Telegraph reports that Britain is in talks with leading global miners, including Glencore, Rio Tinto and Anglo American, to lock in long-term supplies of critical minerals amid rising fears that tensions with China could disrupt access to materials vital for defence equipment, green technologies and advanced manufacturing.  
• The Tony Blair Institute for Global Change has urged the UK government to lift the ban on new oil and gas exploration licenses in the North Sea, as these are needed to protect thousands of workers. It has also called for the windfall tax to be wound down as it has deterred investment.
• The UK government’s Vision 2035 Critical Minerals Strategy, updated in late January 2026, sets out ambitions to produce 10% of domestic demand for key minerals and to host at least 50 active critical mineral projects, including mining. In the UK, it is anticipated that by 2035, demand for copper will almost double, while demand for lithium will increase by 1,100%. The UK faces limited domestic mining and processing capacity for many key inputs. It states that “as a net importer of critical minerals, the UK faces strategic vulnerabilities”, with the UK having to “work with international partners to build more resilient and diversified supply chains”. As such, the UK and the US signed a Memorandum of Understanding on critical minerals on 4 February 2026, whereas both countries “intend to support the supply of raw and processed critical minerals crucial to the commercial and defense industries of both countries”. The approach lays out an understanding of a common policy approach on the Securing Supply, Investment in Mining and Processing, Permits and Pricing on critical minerals.
• Cornish Metals has announced a letter of interest from the Export-Import Ban of the US, for as much as US$225 million (approx. £165 million) in funding to develop and restart the South Crofty tin mine in Cornwall. Investment would be conditional on the mine “providing a responsible supple of tin to the US, which has labelled it a critical mineral”, as reported by Bloomberg.
• The UK’s first commercial-scale lithium refinery has opened in Redruth, Cornwall, marking a significant step towards building a domestic supply chain for battery metals and reducing reliance on imports. Geothermal Engineering’s facility will produce 100 tonnes of lithium annually, with the aim to hike capacity to 1,500 tonnes within a few years and to over 18,000 tonnes over the next decade.
• The Financial Times reports that eight former UK energy ministers have urged the government to reverse course on tougher taxes and regulatory curbs on North Sea oil and gas producers, warning that current policy is deterring investment and undermining energy security. Tighter conditions on new developments risk accelerating the decline in domestic production, increasing reliance on imports at a time of geopolitical uncertainty and volatile commodity prices.

Manufacturing

• S&P Global’s UK Manufacturing PMI edged down marginally to 51.7 in February from 51.8 in January, which had marked the highest reading since August 2024, signalling that the sector remains in expansion despite a slight loss of momentum. Growth continues to be underpinned by improving external demand, with new export orders rising to 52.4 from 51.9 – the strongest reading since August 2021 – reflecting firmer demand from China, Europe, the US and the Middle East. However, the survey also pointed to mounting cost pressures, with input prices increasing at the sharpest rate since August 2025, suggesting that while output and orders are strengthening, manufacturers are still grappling with squeezed profit.

• SMMT data shows that in January 2026, British vehicle production fell 13.6% year on year, driven by an 8.2% drop in car output and a 68.6% fall in commercial vehicles. The slump reflected a cyberattack at Jaguar Land Rover, the closure of Vauxhall’s Luton plant, model changeovers at Nissan and trade disruption after US tariffs rose to 10% under Donald Trump. With 78% of cars exported, the sector remains exposed to protectionism, particularly emerging “Made in Europe” proposals from the EU. While the SMMT expects a 10% rebound in 2026 and output to rise above one million vehicles by 2027 as new EVs launch, high energy costs and tighter EU rules of origin continue to pose significant risks.

• The UK’s plan to introduce a new carbon border tax has triggered alarm among heavy industry, with steel, cement and chemicals groups warning it could accelerate the decline of domestic manufacturing. The proposed carbon border adjustment mechanism, due to start in 2027, will levy charges on high‑emission imports so that companies which pay for their emissions in the UK aren’t undercut by cheaper, more polluting rivals overseas.

• Greater commitments to defence spending have started to reshape parts of Britain’s old industrial base. In January, the Financial Times reported that a historic Sheffield steelmaker is being converted into the country’s newest gun factory, due to begin operations by spring 2026. South Yorkshire is among the regions chosen to benefit from a £250 million Defence Growth Deal, a key element of the government’s new Defence Industrial Strategy.

• The UK government has awarded a £1 billion contract to Italian defence contractor Leonardo to build a new fleet of military helicopters, providing a significant boost to the domestic aerospace manufacturing sector. More than 40% of the work will be carried out at the company’s Yeovil manufacturing site, securing around 3,300 jobs and supporting thousands more across the wider supply chain. The deal strengthens the UK’s sovereign defence capabilities while offering stability for one of the country’s key advanced manufacturing hubs.

• Make UK has warned that British factories are facing a “collapse” in domestic demand alongside rising costs, as hopes of interest rate cuts have been dampened by the economic fallout from the conflict in the Middle East. Despite some positivity in manufacturing PMI readings at the start of the year, Make UK’s latest snapshot of the sector paints a grimmer picture, with the industry body reporting that UK orders have fallen sharply in the first quarter and manufacturers have been forced to raise prices at the fastest pace since 2023.

Utilities

• The UK government has cut subsidies for renewable power generators by tying support to the lower Consumer Prices Index (CPI) rather than the higher Retail Prices Index (RPI), a move designed to save taxpayers an estimated £270 million a year, but which reduces returns for green energy producers and could slow investment in clean power. The change reflects tightening fiscal priorities amid broader market and policy pressures on the energy transition, potentially dampening investor enthusiasm just as the sector grapples with decarbonisation goals and infrastructure costs.
• Britain is in a stand-off with France over how the costs of planned new power cables under the Channel should be shared between consumers on each side. The two countries already have three interconnectors with a combined capacity of about four gigawatts, and a further one gigawatt link has been proposed to deepen cross-Channel trade in electricity. However, in February 2026 the UK and French regulators said the conditions were not yet met to approve the project.
• In February, the UK government announced a record package of subsidies for new solar power capacity as it pushes towards its goal of decarbonising the power sector by 2030. Through the latest Contracts for Difference auction, it awarded support for 4.9 gigawatts of planned new solar farms, alongside 1.3 gigawatts of onshore wind and 21 megawatts of tidal stream projects, marking the strongest round yet.
• Four of the UK’s largest energy suppliers – British Gas, EDF, E.ON and Octopus – are set to trial “low or no standing charge” tariffs from April. These are designed to help low-usage households by shifting more of the fixed daily cost into the unit rate, reducing upfront standing charges but potentially increasing per-unit prices. The tariffs will sit outside the default price cap framework, meaning overall value will depend on individual consumption levels.
• French utility company Engie agreed a £10.5 billion acquisition of UK Power Networks in February from Hong Kong-based CK Infrastructure Holdings. The UK’s largest electricity distribution operator is set to come under the control of Engie, which will expand its regulated network footprint in Britain.
• Conflict in the Middle East following the US-Israel war is threatening to send UK energy prices spiralling. In light of the escalation, shipping across the Strait of Hormuz – a vital route that transports roughly 20% of global oil supply and LNG trade – has faced disruption, with European gas prices climbing an estimated 18-28% by 2 March, according to Smart Energy estimates. While the UK isn’t directly reliant on energy imports from Iran, it is closely integrated with European gas markets, meaning any uplift in continental wholesale prices is likely to translate into higher UK gas and electricity prices.
• Conflict in the Middle East is threatening to send UK energy prices higher. In light of the escalation, shipping across the Strait of Hormuz – a key energy corridor that carries roughly 20% of global oil supply – has faced disruption risk, pushing up oil and gas prices globally. Trading Economics data shows UK natural gas prices peaking at around 170 pence per therm on 9 March 2026, a three-year high, while Brent crude climbed from roughly US$70 (£55) per barrel in February to about US$105 (£82) as concerns over potential disruption to shipping through the Strait intensified.
• Sir Keir Starmer has pledged to shield households from the economic fallout of the conflict, setting out support worth roughly £50 million for households that rely on heating oil. Most consumers are currently protected by Ofgem’s energy price cap, which is due to fall by around 7% in the April-June 2026 period, based on earlier wholesale price trends. However, if the conflict persists and wholesale gas prices remain elevated, future price cap revisions could reverse the decline in household bills, intensifying pressure on the government to consider further intervention, potentially echoing support measures like the Energy Price Guarantee introduced during the 2022 energy crisis.
• Tesla has received approval from Ofgem to supply electricity to UK households under Tesla Energy Ventures – a move that threatens to disrupt Britain’s retail energy sector after a decade of rapid change following the entry of challenger suppliers like Octopus Energy and Fuse Energy. Tesla already has a presence in British homes and businesses through sales of its Powerwall battery systems and solar technology.

Construction

• Deloitte’s Regional Crane Survey shows UK construction shows signs of resilience heading into 2026, with new project starts increasing across key regional cities – Belfast, Birmingham, Leeds and Manchester – as the number of schemes rose to 53 in 2025 from 47 in 2024, though total units and floorspace under construction dipped slightly. Residential, student accommodation, hotel and office refurbs are driving activity, indicating a healthy forward pipeline and developer sentiment has shifted towards “committed construction” amid strategic public and private investment. Despite challenges like higher costs and regulatory pressures, the outlook for offices, residential and specialised sectors appears more positive for 2026.

• Begbies Taynor Group finds UK construction firms are facing growing financial stress, with the number in “critical distress” rising by nearly 50% in 2025. The surge reflects tight margins, rising costs and project delays, which have pushed more companies into severe financial difficulty, threatening jobs and supplier relationships across the sector. While some parts of the UK construction pipeline remain resilient with continued starts in residential, retrofit and public projects, the sharp increase in distressed companies highlights fragilities in the industry’s financial health and suggests a tougher operating environment ahead for contractors, especially smaller and mid-sized businesses. The trend underscores the need for stronger cash-flow management and risk mitigation as demand patterns evolve.

• A survey carried out by the Local Government Information Unit and Scape reveals growing strain in the public-sector construction pipeline. Almost two-thirds (64%) of senior council officers report that construction projects are being delayed, while 40% do not believe their local authority is well placed to follow through on planned schemes. The findings underline delivery risks at a time when councils are grappling with funding uncertainty, capacity constraints and skills shortages.

• The S&P Global / CIPS Construction PMI fell to 44.5 in February, down from 46.4 in January, signalling a further contraction in industry activity. The downturn was primarily driven by weak housebuilding, with companies reporting falling new orders, cautious client confidence and a period of wet weather which limited new project starts.

• Building company Persimmon has warned that the Iran conflict could knock UK housebuilding, with fears that rising inflation may keep interest rates higher for longer and weigh on buyer demand. The company expects to build around 12,000 to 12,500 homes in 2026, though this outlook depends on the conflict remaining short-lived. Rising energy prices linked to the war could also push up the cost of energy-intensive materials like cement and bricks, potentially squeezing margins across the sector.

Wholesale Trade

• According to the Office for National Statistics, output in the wholesale and retail trade; repair of motor vehicles and motorcycles increased by 1% in January 2026, with a 1.1% climb in wholesale trade, except of motor vehicles and motorcycles. Wholesale trade, except of motor vehicles and motorcycles, posted a 2.9% climb in the three months to January 2026, the largest positive contribution to the growth in services output.

• Lynas Foodservice, one of the largest family-run foodservice distributors across Northern Ireland, the Republic of Ireland and Scotland, has announced the acquisition of Scotland’s leading independent foodservice wholesalers, JB Foods. The move boosts Lynas Foodservice’s reach in Scotland.

• The Grocer’s Big 30 Wholesaler report highlights significant inflationary pressures faced by some of the country’s leading wholesalers, despite overall expansion in profit margins thanks to recovering hospitality sector and inflation-driven menu pricing. It reports several large wholesalers having negative profit growth, including Henderson Wholesale (-38%), JJ Foodservice (-23.8%), Holdsworth (-38.7%), LWC (-52%) and Lioncroft (-115%). The report also found that the top three wholesale operators (Booker, Costco and Sysco) accounted for over £19 billion in combined sales (over half of total revenue), as smaller wholesalers struggle to compete and the sector accelerates towards consolidation. The Autumn Budget 2025 is estimated to cost the industry £110 million through National Insurance and National Living Wage increases.

• Leading UK wholesalers, Parfetts and J.W. Filshill, have adopted a new AI-driven platform, Wholepal, to modernise technical product data sharing across the supply chain. The tool removes manual new line forms, accelerating routes to market for wholesalers, as reported by WholesaleManager.

• Finlay’s Food, which was acquired in 2024 by the UK’s largest bakery wholesaler, BAKO Group, has been rebranded as Bako. It supplies products to customers in the Republic of Ireland, Northern Ireland, the UK, Europe and Asia.

• AF Blakemore, a wholesaler to Spar retailers and other food, retail and hospitality brands, has reported a dip in revenue in the year ending April 2025, while also recording its first operating profit loss since 2022, citing high food inflation, subdued consumer confidence and reduced demand for products like tobacco, vapes and alcohol.

• Bestway Wholesale has launched its Easter 2026 campaign, called ‘Buzz About the Sweetest Deals’, across over 60 depots, in an attempt to boost sales for independent retailers during one of the busiest retail periods during the year.

Retail Trade

• The British Retail Consortium (BRC) warned that implementation of the UK’s Employment Rights Act could unintentionally reduce entry-level opportunities in retail, particularly for young workers. While the Act aims to strengthen job security, provisions like guaranteed hours could add costs and reduce flexibility, potentially limiting entry-level roles valued by young people – 70% of those aged between 18 and 29 say flexibility is important.

• Retail is the UK’s largest gateway into employment, with around 780,000 jobs held by 16-25-year-olds, accounting for 28% of the sector’s workforce. However, rising employment costs are already affecting hiring – the cost of employing a full-time entry-level worker has risen 10% and a part-time worker more than 13% since April 2025. BRC survey data shows 52% of retail CFOs plan to reduce hours or overtime and 32% expect to freeze recruitment.

• Retail employment has continued to fall amid rising cost pressures, according to the BRC. Retail jobs declined by 70,000 between Q4 2023 and Q4 2024, leaving total retail employment at 2.8 million, the lowest level since records began in 1996. The BRC attributes the decline largely to increasing operating costs, including higher wages, business rates and regulatory pressures.

• More than half of retail finance directors surveyed by the BRC expect to reduce staff hours or overtime, while almost one-third anticipate recruitment freezes. The trend suggests retailers are prioritising efficiency and automation to manage costs, which could limit job opportunities and slow hiring across the UK retail sector despite continued consumer demand.

• Wet weather weighed on UK retail performance in February, with total retail sales increasing 1.1% year-on-year, below the three-month average growth of 2.4%, according to the British Retail Consortium (BRC). The BRC-KPMG Retail Sales Monitor found that like-for-like sales rose just 0.9%, while non-food sales fell 1% year-on-year over the three months to February. Persistent rainfall reduced footfall in many high streets and shopping destinations, dampening demand for discretionary goods like fashion and homeware. However, food sales remained stronger as households continued to prioritise essentials.

• In early March 2026, the British Retail Consortium (BRC) reported that shop price inflation eased to 1.1% year-on-year in February, down from 1.5% in January, largely due to intense competition among retailers and widespread promotions in sectors like health, beauty and fashion, which helped keep price rises in check. Non-food prices fell 0.1%, while food inflation slowed to 3.5%, with ambient food inflation at its lowest in four years (2.3%) despite fresh food still rising 4.3%. The data suggests competition is tempering overall price growth and offering some relief for cost-conscious consumers, although the BRC cautioned that prices are still rising and retailers face ongoing cost pressures that could affect profit and future pricing.

• In response to the Spring Forecast 2026, the BRC warned that retailers remain under significant pressure despite improving headline economic indicators. While inflation is easing and interest rate expectations have stabilised, the BRC highlighted that retailers face mounting costs from April, including increases to the National Living Wage and higher employer National Insurance contributions yet again. The organisation cautioned that these additional burdens risk undermining investment, job creation and store viability at a time when consumer confidence remains fragile. The BRC stressed that retail operates on tight margins and urged the government to avoid more cost increases, warning that sustained pressure could translate into higher prices, reduced hiring and continued strain on high streets across the UK.

Transportation & Warehousing

• TfL has confirmed an update to the London Congestion Charge, which will rise from £15 to £18 from January 2026. As part of the overhaul, electric vehicles will lose their full exemption. Electric cars will qualify for a 25% discount, while electric vans, HGVs and quadricycles will receive a 50% discount when registered for Auto Pay.

• Newmark’s latest analysis suggests the UK warehousing market has moved past its “cyclical peak” in supply, with availability easing in late 2025 as occupier confidence improved and demand remained resilient. In Q4 2025, the UK availability rate fell to 7.6%, while take-up totalled 12.2 million square foot (sq ft) – above the 10-year pre-pandemic quarterly average – alongside subdued speculative development of 11 million sq ft in 2025 (the lowest since 2017). Newmark also notes occupiers are increasingly prioritising warehouse configuration, automation-readiness and power connectivity.

• An article published in the Financial Times in February revealed how major airlines are “locked in battle” with Heathrow as the airport pushes ahead with a £33 billion plan to build a new runway and terminal. Airlines are concerned that Heathrow’s regulated funding model allows capital spending to escalate with limited discipline, pushing up charges that are passed through to carriers.

• Channel Tunnel freight trains are set to restart after Network Rail agreed to take control of and invest £15 million in the Barking Eurohub terminal in east London. The route has been dormant since 2024 after its previous operator withdrew, halting regular through-freight services between the UK and continental Europe. The line has the capacity to carry the equivalent of around 100,000 lorry journeys a year, easing pressure on UK roads and cutting emissions.

• Millions of commuters across the country are benefitting from a freeze on regulated rail fares for the first time in 30 years, which took effect in March 2026. The measure is projected to save passengers around £600 million, with more than one billion journeys a year expected to benefit from the cap.

• RMT union members have announced six strike days between March and May 2026. Around 1,800 Tube drivers could participate, potentially disrupting large parts of the network.

Accommodation & Food Services

• ONS data reports that output in accommodation and food service activities dipped by 1.8% in January 2026, driven by a 2.7% drop in food and beverage service activities. Meanwhile, accommodation and food service activities output fell 0.7% in the three months to January 2026, thanks to a 2.9% drop in accommodation output.
• The UK competition watchdog, the Competition and Markets Authority, has opened a probe into Hilton, IHG, Marriott and data provider CoStar over alleged sharing of commercially sensitive information through hotel analytics platform STR (which collects data from about 90,000 hotels globally), to guide pricing and other commercial decisions. Regulators are examining whether the use of this shared data may have weakened competition by making it easier for rival hotel groups to anticipate each other’s moves and align their behaviour, potentially undermining price rivalry.
• UKHospitality Scotland has called for all political parties to include a commitment to introduce permanently lower business rates for hospitality in their manifestos, ahead of the elections in May. It states that, if properly supported, the sector can create an additional 46,000 jobs and add £2.4 billion to the economy by 2031.
• According to the "Hospitality and the Night Time Economy: The state of play in 2026” report by NIQ and the Night Time Industries Association, the UK’s late-night economy continued to shrink in 2025, but cocktail‑led venues emerged as a rare growth story, with cocktail bars, craft bars and themed bars all expanding and now sitting well above pre‑pandemic levels. Overall, late‑night venue numbers fell 4.1% in the year to December and are 28.2% below March 2020 levels, contributing to tens of thousands of job losses, while the wider hospitality estate also contracted.
• More than 200 signatories from leading accommodation providers like Haven, Travelodge, Whitbread, IHG Hotels & Resorts and Parkdean Resorts have warned that the proposed Visitor Levy in England, which could mean Brits face an extra £100 or more for a two-week domestic holiday, could put jobs at risk and result in loss of money as some families opt for shorter trips, skip domestic travel altogether or take trips abroad instead.
• Lingering financial challenges faced by consumers have meant that many have cut back on out-of-home dining. As a result, food establishments have begun offering heavy discounts to entice spending, despite the negative impact this could have on their profit margins, as noted by the Financial Times. NIQ’s data tracker, alongside RSM UK, has shown that restaurants’ like-for-like sales contracted in 10 months in 2025.
• At the start of March 2026, BrewDog shut 38 UK bars with immediate effect after the business went into administration and was sold in a £33 million rescue deal to US group Tilray Brands, resulting in 484 redundancies across England, Scotland and Wales. The sale preserves the BrewDog brand, its Ellon brewery and 11 venues in the UK and Ireland, safeguarding around 733 jobs.
• Heineken’s Cider Report 2026 reports a 3.5% year-on-year growth in the UK cider market, the second-fastest growing drink in the on-trade by volume, reaching £2 billion. Cider now accounts for over 9% of wet sales.
• JD Wetherspoon chairman Sir Tim Martin has warned that the latest surge in energy costs from the US-Iran conflict will flow through to the bar, driving up the price of a pint and pub meals for customers across the UK.  
• Greene King has launched a major restructuring that will see 300 pubs affected across the UK. Around 150 are earmarked for sale and a further 150 are to be converted to tenanted or franchised operations as the company seeks to cut costs and reshape its estate amid mounting economic pressures.
• According to RSM Hotels Tracker, based on data by Hotstats, the UK hotel occupancy rate climbed from 72.5% to 73.6% in December year-on-year, though the rate in London dipped from 82% to 81.4%. Average daily rates and revenue per available room across the UK also climbed, gross operating profit took a hit year-on-year, as cost pressures have outweighed resilient demand and higher room rates.
• Knight Frank’s latest UK Hotel Trading Performance Review has found that wellness-focused amenities like leisure clubs, spas and health facilities were a major factor behind robust UK hotel trading in 2025, despite wider economic pressures. Hotels with strong leisure and wellness offerings saw higher leisure spend per occupied room and have almost doubled average guest spend since 2019, helping to sustain room rates and profitability. London achieved an average occupancy rate of 82.5%, a 1.2% increase year-on-year.
• CoStar reports that hotel dealmaking in the UK strengthened in 2025, with Christie & Co reporting around 100 hotel transactions, driven mainly by single-asset sales rather than large portfolios.
• Luxury hotels across the UK are fuelling a new wave of “bakery tourism”, with high-end properties investing heavily in standout patisseries and signature baked goods to attract both overnight guests and local day visitors.
• The government has expanded a free digital energy-saving and carbon-reduction tool to more than 525 small and medium-sized pubs, restaurants and hotels across England, after a trial with 90 hospitality businesses cut average energy bills by nearly £2,500 a year and reduced overnight usage by up to 66% for some sites. Backed by £350,000 in government funding and delivered by Zero Carbon Services, the scheme gives real-time alerts and tailored behavioural change plans to tackle wasted energy from equipment like extraction systems, fridges and ovens.

Information

• ONS data reports that output in the information and communication subsector climbed by 0.8% in the three months through January 2026, driven by growth in motion picture, video and TV programme production, sound recording and music publishing activities (up 7.1%) and information service activities (up 5.2%).

• BT reported losing 210,000 customers in the last three months of 2025; however, this was less than initial expectations of 239,000, which the company has stated points towards a stabilising competition in the broadband market.

• At the techUK Future Telecoms Conference 2026, the Minister for the Digital Economy, Liz Lloyd, confirmed £1.8 billion public funding under Project Gigabit to reach hard‑to‑serve areas and reiterated the goal for 99% of UK premises to have access to gigabit‑capable broadband by 2032, up from around 86% in 2026.

• Ofcom has approved Virgin Media O2’s push for mobile calls via satellite, allowing the company to launch its O2 Satellite service, which will use Starlink’s low-Earth orbit satellites to connect directly to 4G smartphones in the UK. From 25 February 2026, Ofcom’s D2D regulations come into force, allowing UK mobile network operators like Virgin Media O2 to integrate satellite connectivity into consumer devices without extra end‑user licences.

• Virgin Media O2 has announced in February 2026 that it is extending its partnership with Zinkworks to deploy AI-driven automation technology across its mobile network to minimise downtime, following proven results in its fixed broadband segment, where automation has significantly reduced repair times and the need for engineer visits.

• Virgin Media O2’s owner Telefónica is exploring further acquisitions of UK broadband providers as it seeks to bulk up its network footprint and mount a more serious challenge to BT’s Openreach. The move signals intensifying consolidation and competition in the UK telecoms market. In February 2026, Telefónica acquired broadband rival Netomnia for £2 billion.

• New Ofcom figures show around 532,000 UK households are now on “social” broadband and mobile tariffs, designed for low‑income customers and often priced below mainstream offers.

• The BBC is proposing to open up its iPlayer platform to other UK public service broadcasters, including ITV and Channel 4, as part of a wider reset of how it is funded and governed after the licence fee is due to be replaced in 2030. The move is aimed at shoring up the BBC’s relevance and bargaining power against global streaming giants.

• The Financial Times reports that US private equity group Ares is injecting £115 million into UK broadband provider TalkTalk, replacing a maturing £47 million debt facility and shoring up the company’s balance sheet as prospective buyers examine takeover options. The deal underlines both the financial strain facing mid-tier UK telecoms operators and the continued appeal of digital infrastructure assets to private capital.

• Failed talks with The Exploration Company, a European space start-up, have resulted in Scottish rocket maker Orbex collapsing. This follows earlier failure to secure UK government funding, with the 160-strong staff company falling into administration.

• The UK government plans to force major tech platforms to remove abusive images, including non-consensual intimate content, within 48 hours or face the threat of being blocked in the country. The move, part of new online safety measures, sharply raises compliance demands on social media, cloud and hosting providers, compelling them to invest more heavily in moderation systems, AI detection tools and legal oversight for UK users.

• The Financial Times reports that Chancellor Rachel Reeves is set to promise £1 billion of public funding to secure next-generation quantum computers built in Britain, in a bid to anchor advanced computing capabilities and high‑value R&D in the UK. The move is part of a wider industrial strategy push to back strategic technologies.

Finance & Insurance

• Artificial intelligence in the UK and European insurance sector is moving from experimental pilots to large-scale deployment, according to analysis from EXL reported by Insurance Times. Insurers are increasingly integrating AI into core operations like underwriting, claims processing and fraud detection, reflecting greater confidence in the technology and improved data capabilities. The shift from testing to production systems is enabling insurers to automate processes, enhance risk assessment and improve operational efficiency.

• UK Finance data shows lending to small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) increased for the second consecutive year in 2024, signalling improving access to finance for UK businesses. Gross lending to SMEs rose to £16.8 billion in 2024, up from £15.5 billion in 2023, while the number of loans also increased, reflecting stronger demand for credit as firms invest and manage cashflow pressures. Despite the growth, lending remains below pre-pandemic levels, indicating continued caution among both lenders and borrowers. The trend suggests a gradual recovery in SME borrowing activity, with banks playing a key role in supporting business investment and economic growth amid ongoing cost and interest rate pressures.

• Access to and acceptance of cash on UK high streets remains fairly strong, though usage continues to evolve as digital payments grow. UK Finance research found that around 98% of high street businesses accept cash, highlighting its continued importance for many consumers and local economies. However, the study also noted a gradual decline in cash usage as card and mobile payments become more common. The findings underline the need to maintain cash infrastructure like ATMs and banking services, while adapting to increasing digital payment adoption.

• Rising market uncertainty has sharply reduced the availability and stability of mortgage products in the UK finance sector. Data from Moneyfacts, shows the average “shelf-life” of a mortgage deal has fallen to just 14 days, the lowest since August 2023, as lenders rapidly reprice or withdraw products amid volatile financial markets. Average mortgage rates have also increased, with two-year fixed rates reaching 5.20% and five-year fixes 5.25%, while the number of available mortgage products fell to 6,972, down from 7,106 days earlier. The shift reflects changing expectations for Bank of England interest rates and broader geopolitical pressures affecting inflation and energy prices. The rapid turnover of mortgage deals signals heightened lending volatility, forcing borrowers to act quickly and increasing uncertainty across the housing finance market.

• Zurich Insurance Group has agreed terms to acquire Beazley in a deal valued at £8.1 billion, marking a major consolidation in the insurance market. The agreed takeover will combine Zurich’s global scale with Beazley’s strength in specialist and Lloyd’s market underwriting, subject to regulatory and shareholder approvals. The transaction reflects continued strategic consolidation across the insurance sector as companies seek scale, diversification and stronger underwriting capabilities amid rising claims costs and evolving risk landscapes. For the UK insurance and financial services sector, the deal could reshape competition in speciality insurance and reinforce London’s role as a global insurance hub, while potentially prompting further mergers as insurers pursue growth and operational efficiencies.

Real Estate and Rental and Leasing

• According to Nationwide, annual house price growth increased by 1% in February 2026 compared with February 2025. Prices climbed by 0.3% month-on-month and the average house price stood at £273,176. The company reports that improved affordability and an easing in credit availability have helped to support first-time buyer activity, with mortgage completions up 18% year on year in 2025.

• Property portal Rightmove reports that the average price of newly listed homes in Britain has remained steady in February 2026, but was up 2.8% since December 2025.

• The Financial Times reports that the price gap between smaller first-time buyer properties and larger homes in the UK has narrowed sharply, as values of flats and maisonettes have risen faster than bigger houses in recent years. In December 2025, the average flat or maisonette cost £192,826 compared with £229,449 for a terraced house, representing a 16% difference.

• A survey by the Royal Institution of Chartered Surveyors shows somewhat improved housing market conditions, with a net balance of 15% of professionals reporting a fall in new buyer enquiries in January 2026, an improvement on December’s figure of 21%, though still negative.

• UK mortgage approvals slipped to a two-year low in January, underlining the continued cooling of the housing market as higher borrowing costs and subdued buyer confidence weigh on demand. Net approvals for house purchases fell for the fourth consecutive month to 60,000 in January 2026, down from 61,000 in December 2025.

• Despite rising prices for houses nationally, data by the Land Registry reports that UK flat prices dipped 0.5% in 2025, driven by a sharp drop in the London market amid buyers put off by high service charges, lack of space and affordability pressures in the capital.

• The Financial Times reports that the UK’s planned “mansion tax” on properties worth more than £2 million is already reshaping the housing market, with sellers clustering asking prices just below the threshold to avoid the new annual levy.

• According to the Financial Times, major London landlord, Criterion Capital, has started issuing eviction notices to tenants ahead of the government’s new renters’ reform law coming into force in May 2026, which will curb the use of so‑called “no‑fault” evictions and strengthen tenant protections. Landlords have argued that the legislation will shrink rental supply and trigger more disputes.

• According to CBRE data, capital values for UK commercial real estate remained flat in January 2026. Rental values also remained flat, while month-on-month total returns stood at 0.5%. Capital values for the Office sector decreased by 0.3% in January 2026, while the Industrial sector saw capital values climb 0.2%. Total returns for Retail stood at 0.5%, 0.1% for Office and 0.6% for the Industrial sector.

• CBRE has reported a strong UK Operational Real Estate market in 2025, with total investment volumes reaching £18.8 billion, a 78% hike from 2024. In Q4 2025, transactions reached £12.3 billion. Its report highlighted healthcare assets for their strong performance, accounting for 69% of total investment volumes. Hotels also recorded robust growth over the year.

• CBRE’s Real Estate Market Outlook 2026 reported that provisional take-up of office space in Central London stood at 11.4 million square foot in 2025, with similar levels of take-up expected in 2026. Meanwhile, it forecasts that take-up in the regional markets will dip by 11% in 2026. Nonetheless, supply side constraints are expected to drive prime rental growth in London and in regional office markets. The report also points out “tight grade A vacancy in core markets”, which “will shift many large occupiers’ requirements towards good quality space in more peripheral locations”. It also states that it expects “long-term bond yields to remain elevated” in 2026 and forecasts net total returns of around 8.5% for 2026 when aggregating across different real estate segments.

• In February 2026, Coutts’ Prime Property Index has found that Central Property prices are 10.3% below their 2014 peak, with an average discount of 10.3% being negotiated for prime property in the capital.

• US tech giant Microsoft is reportedly scouring central London for a new headquarters of up to 250,000 square feet along the Elizabeth line, signalling renewed confidence in the capital’s office market despite subdued post-pandemic demand.  

• Blackstone has revived plans to sell a prime Canary Wharf office building for more than £250 million – a sign that buyers are returning to London’s office market after a sharp downturn in valuations and transactions.  

Professional, Scientific & Technical Services

• ONS data reports that output in professional, scientific and technical services climbed by 0.6% in January 2026, driven by a 2.8% growth in scientific research and development.
• In February 2026, Xeinadin acquired TBL Accountants, expanding its Southend office and strengthening its advisory support for small businesses and charities in Essex. In March 2026, the company acquired accountancy and business advisory practice Gregory Priestley & Stewart, continuing its inorganic expansion efforts.
• The UK’s accounting watchdog, the Financial Reporting Council, is weighing a relaxation of strict audit inspection rules to lure more Chinese companies to list in London and boost the capital’s market, amid intensifying competition with rival financial centres.
• Deloitte is undertaking a major overhaul of its global structure, merging its European and Middle Eastern operations into a single regional business. The restructuring aims to streamline decision-making, improve investment in technology and new services and better compete with rival Big Four and consulting groups at a time of rising regulatory scrutiny and cost pressures.
• A former top EY executive has launched a new firm, WTS UK, in March 2026, with the backing of private equity firm EQT Partners. The firm is focused on providing tax services and aims to challenge the Big Four’s dominance. It aims to hire 100 partners within five years, which would take it to about 60% of EY’s UK tax division, as per the Financial Times.
• Arbitration is increasingly being used to settle divorce finances in England and Wales, with cases handled through the Institute of Family Law Arbitrators doubling from 89 in 2023 to 178 in 2025 as couples try to avoid delays in an overstretched court system. The rise follows a 2024 rule change requiring separating couples to consider alternative dispute resolution before going to court.
• New analysis by the Ministry of Justice reveals that, despite the government’s overhaul of the system, including the abolition of jury trials, the backlog of criminal cases in England and Wales would rise from about 80,000 now to roughly 100,000 by 2028 and still be higher than current levels by the end of the decade.
• The latest Advertising Association/WARC Expenditure report has found that UK advertising spend rose by 11.4% to £12.5 billion in Q3 2025. Total ad spend is estimated to have risen by 10.1% to £46.9 billion during 2025 as a whole and is set to rise a further 7.5% to exceed £50 billion in 2026. TV VOD is forecast to see the most growth (13.8%) in 2026, boosted by major sporting events like the FIFA World Cup. Search (10.2%), online display (8.4%) and online radio (7.3%) are set to continue recording gains.
• The Institute of Practitioners in Advertising reports that UK advertising agencies recorded a 14% dip in 2025, driven by the rollout of AI tools that reduce or replace the need for staff, as reported by The Guardian.
• According to The Guardian, the UK junk food ad ban has been weakened by exemptions and loopholes that experts now warn will touch only a tiny fraction of food and drink marketing spend. Analysis shows that, once brands shift spend into exempt channels like outdoor sites, brand-only campaigns and social media, only 1% of the £2.4 billion spent annually on food and drink advertising will be affected, raising questions over whether the policy can meaningfully change children’s exposure to unhealthy food promotion.

Education

• Documents obtained by the Department for Education (DfE) reveal a plan to discourage the expansion of special schools in England as part of wider Special Education Needs and Disabilities (SEND) reforms, with councils reportedly receiving stronger assessments of their deficit recovery plans if they propose “little to no” growth in specialist provision and instead prioritise mainstream inclusion. The approach reflects government efforts to curb rising SEND costs and shift support into mainstream schools, amid mounting pressure on local authority budgets. However, the policy could limit the creation of new specialist places at a time when demand is rising, potentially increasing pressure on mainstream schools to support pupils with complex needs and raising concerns from sector leaders about whether adequate resources and staff training will accompany the shift.

• Sixth forms in England are expected to face a real-terms funding cut in 2026-27, despite a planned rise in the 16–19 national funding rate, according to leaders cited by the Sixth Form Colleges Association. The base funding rate will increase to £5,105 per student, but sector analysis suggests the uplift will not keep pace with inflation and rising staffing costs, meaning overall spending power will fall. School and college leaders warn this could restrict course availability, limit enrichment activities and increase financial pressure on providers already coping with rising student numbers.

• The UK government faces growing political tension over whether university tuition fees for EU students should change as part of efforts to improve relations with the EU, according to reporting by The Guardian. Since the UK left the bloc following Brexit, EU students have lost access to home-fee status and student loans in England, leading to a sharp decline in enrolments. Universities and some policymakers argue restoring more favourable fee arrangements could boost recruitment and research links, while others warn it would create funding pressures and political backlash if EU students again paid lower fees than other international students. The debate highlights ongoing uncertainty in the UK higher education sector, where universities are seeking international students to offset financial pressures, but must balance this with domestic political and funding constraints.

• Cambridge chancellor Chris Smith has warned that the UK’s student loan system is “badly broken” and urged Rachel Reeves to reform it, arguing graduates face an “absurd position” where many repay large sums without ever clearing their debt, according to the Financial Times. Critics say the current model leaves students with long-term financial burdens while failing to deliver sustainable funding for universities. The debate adds to wider concerns about the financial stability of the UK higher education sector, with calls for greater emphasis on vocational education and alternative pathways alongside university study. Potential reform could reshape student financing and university funding models, with implications for access to higher education and the balance between academic and vocational training in the UK.

• During National Apprenticeships Week in February 2026, Universities UK (UUK) highlighted the growing role of higher and degree apprenticeships in widening participation and supporting employer skills needs. UUK noted continued expansion in apprenticeship routes delivered by universities, enabling learners to gain qualifications while earning and helping address shortages in sectors like health, engineering and digital.

• The sector has raised concerns about funding pressures and the need for greater flexibility in the Apprenticeship Levy to maximise uptake. The focus underscores a strategic shift towards vocational and employer-aligned provision, strengthening university-industry collaboration while also intensifying debate over sustainable funding and long-term skills policy.

• The response from UUK to the UK rejoining the Horizon Europe research programme welcomed the move as a major boost for UK science and higher education collaboration. UUK said renewed participation restores access to one of the world’s largest research funding programmes, supporting international partnerships, innovation and talent mobility across universities.

• UUK has highlighted that UK researchers previously secured significant funding through Horizon schemes and that re-entry should help stabilise research investment following years of uncertainty after Brexit. The development strengthens universities’ global competitiveness, supports large-scale collaborative projects and could improve funding opportunities, though institutions will need time to rebuild partnerships disrupted during the UK’s absence.

• The Department for Education (DfE) has said schools in England can only afford a 2.7% pay rise for teachers over the next two years within existing budgets, highlighting ongoing funding pressures across the education sector. The figure, outlined in evidence to the School Teachers’ Review Body, reflects tight school finances as rising costs for energy, staffing and support services continue to strain budgets. Education leaders warn that the proposed increase may struggle to support recruitment and retention, particularly amid existing teacher shortages and workload concerns. Limited pay growth risks worsening staffing pressures and could intensify disputes over funding, potentially affecting school capacity and the quality of teaching provision.

• A new proposal by Tom Richmond (a Civil Servant and current education author) and Dr Tilly Clough suggests the Department for Education (DfE) should support struggling private schools to convert into academies to help maintain school places and protect jobs. The idea comes as a growing number of independent schools face financial pressure from rising costs and potential policy changes, including the introduction of VAT on private school fees. Advocates argue that enabling financially distressed private schools to join the state-funded academy system could prevent closures, safeguard local education provision and make use of existing facilities. The proposal highlights increasing financial strain within the independent school market and raises questions about capacity, funding and integration between the private and state education systems.

Healthcare & Social Assistance

• More patients in the UK are paying for private treatment to avoid long waits in the NHS, according to a report cited by the Nuffield Trust. The analysis found that around 899,000 people in the UK received private medical treatment in 2024, a self-pay market worth about £1.6 billion, reflecting growing demand as NHS waiting lists remain high. The trend suggests more patients are turning to private providers for procedures like orthopaedics, ophthalmology and diagnostics to secure faster care. 

• A major £330 million data contract between the NHS and US technology firm Palantir Technologies, to run the NHS Federated Data Platform, has sparked controversy across the UK healthcare sector. The system is designed to combine large volumes of patient and operational data to improve efficiency and coordinate care. Supporters say the platform could boost productivity and help manage waiting lists and hospital capacity. However, critics – including campaigners and some clinicians – warn that centralising sensitive health records could undermine public trust and raise privacy concerns, particularly given Palantir’s links to security and intelligence work.

• MPs have warned that plans to significantly reduce the proportion of overseas staff in the National Health Service (NHS) workforce may be “overambitious”, risking staffing shortages across the health system. A cross-party committee cautioned that the government’s long-term workforce plan aims to cut reliance on international recruitment even though overseas staff currently play a critical role in filling gaps. In England, around one in six NHS staff are non-UK nationals, including over a third of doctors and almost a fifth of nurses. MPs said reducing international hiring too quickly could undermine service delivery while domestic training pipelines expand. The warning highlights ongoing workforce pressures in the UK healthcare sector, with hospitals and care providers likely to remain dependent on overseas recruitment in the near term to maintain staffing levels and patient services.

• Concerns are growing among GP trainees about their ability to secure permanent roles after qualification, highlighting workforce imbalances in the NHS. Analysis from The King’s Fund notes that despite ongoing pressure on primary care services, some newly qualified GPs are struggling to find salaried or partnership positions due to funding constraints and limited capacity within practices to recruit additional staff. Many practices face rising costs and workforce pressures, limiting their ability to expand even as patient demand increases. The situation risks discouraging new entrants to general practice and could undermine efforts to strengthen primary care capacity, potentially exacerbating access issues for patients and increasing pressure on other parts of the UK healthcare system (The King’s Fund).

• The King’s Fund said the proposed GP contract for 2026-27 offers some welcome investment but is unlikely to resolve mounting pressures in primary care. While the deal includes additional funding and aims to support access improvements, it comes amid rising demand, workforce shortages and growing patient need. The think tank warned that without a longer-term workforce plan and sustained capital investment, the contract risks being a short-term fix rather than a structural solution.

Arts, Entertainment & Recreation

• Activity in the global art market has shown signs of slowing, reflecting softer demand and shifting buyer behaviour that could also affect the UK arts and cultural sector. According to reporting by Artnet, auction houses and galleries are adjusting strategies as collectors become more selective and high-value sales become less frequent after the post-pandemic boom. The slowdown is linked to broader economic uncertainty and tighter financial conditions, which have tempered speculative buying and reduced liquidity in parts of the market.

• The National Gallery is facing a funding crisis as rising costs and constrained public finances place increasing pressure on major UK cultural institutions, according to commentary in The Guardian. The gallery has introduced a £20 charge for its upcoming Van Gogh exhibition, a move critics argue risks undermining the UK’s long-standing principle of free access to national collections.

• A report by the National Audit Office (NAO) released in March 2026 found that museums and galleries sponsored by the Department for Culture, Media and Sport (DCMS) are facing growing financial pressure despite a recovery in visitor numbers since the pandemic. Government funding for these institutions fell by 18% in real terms between 2010-11 and 2023-24, while operating costs have risen significantly due to inflation and energy prices. Although attendance at DCMS-sponsored museums reached 47.4 million visits in 2023-24, income from commercial activity and donations has not fully offset declining public funding. The NAO warns that many institutions are increasingly reliant on temporary exhibitions, fundraising and commercial revenue to remain financially sustainable.

• UK museums may need new funding mechanisms to maintain free public access, as rising costs and declining government support strain finances across the sector. Reporting by The Independent highlights proposals for a potential tourist tax or levy to help fund national museums and galleries, amid concerns that institutions are increasingly reliant on ticketed exhibitions, donations and commercial income. The debate follows wider warnings about financial pressure on cultural institutions, with sector leaders arguing that without additional funding streams, the long-standing policy of free entry to major UK museums could become harder to sustain.

• UK gambling revenue reached £4.3 billion, driven largely by growth in the remote (online) gambling sector, while overall participation remained unchanged at 48% of adults, according to 15 Min Mastery. The figures suggest that although more activity is shifting online, the total number of people engaging in gambling hasn’t significantly increased. Online platforms, particularly casino-style games, continue to account for a growing share of revenue, reflecting broader digitalisation across the sector. The trend highlights sustained financial growth in gambling alongside a structural shift towards digital channels, while stable participation rates suggest market expansion is being driven more by spending patterns than by new users.

• Proposed changes by the UK Gambling Commission would increase licensing fees for gambling companies, with the regulator arguing the rise is necessary to ensure it can effectively oversee the sector as it grows and becomes more complex. The adjustments are intended to fund enhanced regulatory activity, including compliance checks, enforcement and consumer protection measures. Industry stakeholders have raised concerns that higher fees could increase operating costs, particularly for smaller companies, potentially affecting competition and market entry. The changes signal tighter regulatory oversight of gambling, which could strengthen consumer safeguards, but also add financial and administrative pressure on licensed operators.

For more information on any of the UK’s 600+ industries, log on to www.ibisworld.com, or follow IBISWorld on LinkedIn.